Midwifery and Womens Health

There are various complications that affects woman either prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy or after pregnancy. These complications include diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, later age pregnancy or some genetic disorders. High risk pregnancy  have the potential to affect the mother or the child, or both.

During pregnancy or within the first year after delivery of the newborn Perinatal depression generally occurs. Nowadays it is very common and most of the Maternal suffers from depression throughout their lifetime or childbearing period. Midwifery services helps in treatment and evaluation of problems related to pregnancy, postpartum depression, miscarriage, adjustment to motherhood and infertility

Midwifery, also known as obstetrics, is the health profession that deals with the specialization in  pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the new-born), besides reproductive and sexual  health of women throughout their lives. A professional in midwifery is called as a midwife. Midwives are the community of midwifes who take care of the women bearing a child with help of consultants and referrals. The actual duty of the midwife is to look after a pregnant woman and her baby throughout the antenatal period, during labor and child birth.

Midwifery care is holistic and continuous in nature, understanding of the social, cultural, spiritual, emotional, physical, and psychological experiences of women.  Midwives are described as gatekeepers defining active labor. Prenatal care involves a series of regular tests and evaluations with the midwife. Moreover, prenatal care also helps in detecting and preventing several types of diseases that can be attacked to mother and then spread to baby. Postnatal care should be a continuation of the care the woman received during her pregnancy, labor and birth of a newborn. Post-natal care should involve proper planning and regularly reviewing the content and timing of care, for individual women and their babies. Midwives serve childbearing women from initial puberty to menopause, including care for their newborn (neonatology), antepartum, intra partum, postpartum and gynecological care.

The role of online nursing is to set and review standards for the education, training, conduct and performance. The Nursing and midwifery council maintains a track of all nurses, midwives and specialist community public health nurses who all appear in the eligibility criteria for practicing. The NMC (National Midwifery Council) also make enquiries of impaired fitness to practice.  Bachelor's degrees in nursing program are offered in many schools. Nursing students enter undergraduate nursing school with the aim of becoming an Advanced Practice Nurse (APRN), while many others also desire to attend graduate school after years of Registered Nursing Labor. Delivery Nursing is a popular specialty among nurses, with some of these nurses seeking graduate education for Nurse Midwifery. 

Nursing and Midwifery has a long and distinguished history within the World Health Organization, reflected through the decisions of governing bodies and the adoption of World Health Assembly (WHA) resolutions which have culminated in 10 WHA resolutions since 1948. The first meeting focused on the documentation of the rich history of nursing and midwifery in WHO to inform the future of nursing and midwifery in the context of the global GSHRH 2030 and within the multidisciplinary interdependent health care delivery system. The second meeting focused on discussing the draft strategic direction on nursing and midwifery development 2020-2030 a critical companion to the GSHRH 2030.  In the given period, registered nurse employment in physicians' offices is expected to grow by 48 per cent. By 2020, increase membership retention from 78% to 80% through a combination of national and affiliate-driven retention efforts. Continue to foster these efforts for incremental growth to 85% retention by the end of 2021.

Genuine Caring in Caring for the Genuine is how we define the midwifery model of care.  The word genuine expresses the nature of midwifery care, as well as the nature of each pregnant woman being cared for as a unique individual. The birth of a child marks one of the great events of life in any culture. But in most societies, it carries with it a high risk of death or serious illness for both mother and child. With maternity care the main aim is to reach well-being of the childbearing woman and her optimal security. Midwives are well-suited to care for healthy women who expect to have a normal delivery. They provide prenatal care, care during labor and care after the birth. Midwives attend births in many hospitals throughout the United States. They also attended most of the births that take place in out-of-hospital birth centres and homes. 

Breast milk is considered as the perfect food for the baby. It protects the baby against various health related issues such as gastroenteritis and diarrhea, ear and chest infections, allergies and diabetes. Breastfeeding minimizes the risk of bleeding after the birth. An early stage of nutrition for the infants laid the stone from the mother’s milk.  Through the breast milk, immunity begins to develop in a child. Breast feeding also aids in managing weight of the mother eventually.

Both the female and male reproductive systems play a critical role in pregnancy. Any problem with these systems can adversely affect fertility and the ability to bear children. Hence, anything that directly affects reproductive health is known as a reproductive hazard. It mainly includes Radiation, Metals such as lead and mercury, Chemicals such as pesticides, Cigarettes, Some viruses or Alcohol. In case of men, a reproductive hazard affects the sperm. For a woman, a reproductive hazard can cause different effects during pregnancy, depending on the exposure. During the first 3 months of pregnancy, it results in birth defect or a miscarriage. During the last 6 months of pregnancy, it slows the growth of the fetus, affect the development of its brain, or cause premature labor.

Women have unique health related issue. Unique heath issues include pregnancy, menopause, and conditions of the female organs. Women can have a healthy pregnancy by getting proper, early and regular prenatal care. They are also recommended several tests for cervical cancer, breast cancer and bone density screenings. Complications of pregnancy include health problems that occur during pregnancy. They can involve baby's health, mother’s health or both. Diet and nutrition plays a major role during pregnancy time. Important nutritious diet includes Protein rich veg diet and Calcium rich recipes. The best time to try and conceive is during the ‘fertile window’ of the menstrual cycle i.e., ovulation time.

Maternal nutrition plays a key role in fetal growth and development.  Maternal nutrition not only refers to the nutritional needs of women during the antenatal and postnatal period (i.e., when they are pregnant and breastfeeding) but also to the pre-conceptual period (i.e., adolescence). A healthy diet helps children to grow and learn. It also helps prevent obesity and other weight-related diseases, such as diabetes. Any kind of alterations in fetal nutrition or endocrine status may result in developmental adaptations that permanently change the structure, metabolism, and physiology of the offspring, thereby predisposing individuals to metabolic, endocrine, and cardiovascular diseases in adult life.

Reproductive endocrinology and infertility is a precise subspecialty of midwifery and gynecology. Most REI specialists importantly focus on the treatment of infertility, but they are also trained to estimate and treat hormonal dysfunctions and abnormalities in females and males outside infertility. Reproductive surgery is a related field, where a surgeon in urology further specializes to operate on various anatomical disorders that affect fertility.